The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.